expyriment.stimuli.extras.DotCloud

class expyriment.stimuli.extras.DotCloud(radius=None, position=None, background_colour=None, dot_colour=None)

A dot cloud class.

This class creates dots arranged in a circular cloud.

Methods

__init__(radius=None, position=None, background_colour=None, dot_colour=None)

Create a dot cloud.

Parameters :

radius : int, optional

radius of the cloud

position : (int, int), optional

position of the stimulus

background_colour : (int, int, int), optional

colour of the background

dot_colour : (int, int, int), optional

colour of the dots

absolute_position

Getter for absolute_position.

add_noise(grain_size, percentage, colour)

Add visual noise on top of the stimulus.

This function might take very long for large stimuli.

Parameters :

grain_size : int

size of the grains for the noise

percentage : int

percentage of covered area

colour : (int, int, int)

colour (RGB) of the noise

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

area

Getter for area.

background_colour

Getter for background_colour.

blur(level)

Blur the stimulus.

This blurs the stimulus, by scaling it down and up by the factor of ‘level’.

Parameters :

level : int

level of bluring

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

clear_surface()

Clear the stimulus surface.

Surfaces are automatically created after any surface operation (presenting, plotting, rotating, scaling, flipping etc.) and preloading. If the stimulus was preloaded, this method unloads the stimulus. This method is functionally equivalent with unload(keep_surface=False).

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

compress()

“Compress the stimulus.

This will create a temporary file on the disk where the surface of the stimululs is written to. The surface will now be read from the disk to free memory. Compressed stimuli cannot do surface operations! Preloading comressed stimuli is possible and highly recommended. Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

copy()

Deep copy of the visual stimulus.

Returns :copy : deep copy of self

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

create_area()

Create the area of the cloud (a dot object itself).

decompress()

Decompress the stimulus.

This will decompress the stimulus. The surface will now be read from memory again. Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

distance(other)

Surface center distance.

This method computes the distance between the surface center of this and another visual stimulus.

Parameters :

other : stimulus

the other visual stimulus

Returns :

dist : float

distance between surface centers

dot_colour

Getter for dot_colour.

flip(booleans)

Flip the stimulus.

This is a surface operation. After this, a surface will be present!

Parameters :

booleans : (bool, bool)

booleans to flip or not

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

has_surface

Getter for has_surface.

id

Getter for id.

inside_stimulus(stimulus, mode='visible')

Check if stimulus is inside another stimulus.

Parameters :

stimulus : expyriment stimulus

the other stimulus

mode : mode (str), optional

“visible”: based on non-transparent pixels or “rectangle”: based on pixels in pygame surface (default = visible”)

Returns :

out : bool

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

is_compressed

Getter for is_compressed.

is_preloaded

Getter for is_preloaded.

make(n_dots, dot_radius, gap=0)

Make the cloud by randomly putting dots on it.

Parameters :

n_dots : int

number of dots to put into the cloud

dot_radius : int

radius of the dots

gap : int, optional

gap between dots (default = 0)

move(offset)

Moves the stimulus in 2D space.

When using OpenGL, this can take longer then 1ms!

Parameters :

offset : list, optional

translation along x and y axis

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

overlapping_with_position(position, mode='visible')

Check if stimulus is overlapping with a certain position.

Parameters :

position : (int, int)

position to check for overlapping

mode : mode (str), optional

“visible”: based on non-transparent pixels or “rectangle”: based on pixels in pygame surface (default = visible”)

Returns :

out: bool :

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

overlapping_with_stimulus(stimulus, mode='visible')

Check if stimulus is overlapping with another stimulus.

Parameters :

stimulus : expyriment stimulus

the other stimulus

mode : mode (str), optional

“visible”: based on non-transparent pixels or “surface”: based on pixels in pygame surface (default = visible”)

Returns :

overlapping : bool

are stimuli overlapping or not

overlap : pygame surface

the overlap in pixels. If mode is ‘surface’, the argument will always be None.

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

picture()

Return the stimulus as Picture stimulus.

This will create a temporary file on the hard disk where the image is saved to.

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

plot(stimulus)

Plot the stimulus on the surface of another stimulus.

Use this to plot more than one stimulus and to present them at the same time afterwards by presenting the stimulus on which they were plotted on.

Parameters :

stimulus : expyriment stimulus

stimulus to whose surface should be plotted

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

position

Getter for position.

preload(inhibit_ogl_compress=False)

Preload the stimulus to memory.

This will prepare the stimulus for a fast presentation. In OpenGL mode this method creates an OpenGL texture based on the surface of the stimulus. When OpenGL is switched off, this method will create a surface if it doesn’t exists yet. If stimuli are not preloaded manually, this will happen automatically during presentation. However, stimulus presentation will take some time then!

Always preload your stimuli when a timing acurate presentation is needed!

Parameters :

inhibit_ogl_compress : bool, optional

inhibits OpenGL stimuli to be automatically compressed (default=False)

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

present(clear=True, update=True)

Present the stimulus on the screen.

This clears and updates the screen automatically. When not preloaded, depending on the size of the stimulus, this method can take some time to compute!

Parameters :

clear : bool, optional

if True the screen will be cleared automatically (default = True)

update : bool, optional

if False the screen will be not be updated automatically (default = True)

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

radius

Getter for radius.

rotate(degree)

Rotate the stimulus.

This is a surface operation. After this, a surface will be present! Rotating goes along with a quality loss. Thus, rotating an already rotated stimulus is not a good idea.

Parameters :

degree : int

degree to rotate counterclockwise

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

save(filename)

Save the stimulus as image.

Parameters :

filename : str

name of the file to write (possible extensions are BMP, TGA, PNG, or JPEG with TGA being the default)

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

scale(factors)

Scale the stimulus.

This is a surface operation. After this, a surface will be present! Negative scaling values will flip the stimulus. Scaling goes along with a quality loss. Thus, scaling an already scaled stimulus is not a good idea.

Parameters :

factors : (int, int) or float

tuple representing the x and y factors to scale or a single number. In the case of a single number x and y scaling will be the identical (i.e., proportional scaling)

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

scramble(grain_size)

Scramble the stimulus.

Attention: If the surface size is not a multiple of the grain size, you may loose some pixels on the edge.

Parameters :

grain_size : int or (int, int)

size of a grain (use tuple of integers for different width & height)

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!

shuffel_dot_sequence(from_idx=0, to_idx=-1)

Shuffle the dots sequence.

Parameters :

from_idx : int, optional

index to start from (default = 0)

to_idx : int, optional

index to end on (default = -1)

surface_size

Getter for surface_size.

unload(keep_surface=False)

Unload the stimulus from memory.

This will unload preloaded stimuli. In OpenGL mode, this method will remove the reference to the OpenGL texture and the surface (when ‘keep_surface’ is False). When OpenGL is switched off, the reference to the surface will be removed (when ‘keep_surface’ is False).

Parameters :

keep_surface : bool, optional

keep the surface after unload (default=False)

Returns :

time : int

the time it took to execute this method

See also

clear_surface.

Notes

Depending on the size of the stimulus, this method may take some time to compute!